Error Occurred While Installing Nokogiri 1 6 8 1 and Bundler Cannot Continue

Installing Nokogiri¶

Welcome! We've worked hard to make Nokogiri easy and reliable to install. This page should hopefully get you on your way quickly.

The current version of this page focuses on the installation experience for Nokogiri v1.11 and later. If you're trying to install an earlier version, please visit:

• Nokogiri v1.10.x installation instructions

If this document doesn't address your problem, please jump over to Getting Help.

If you'd like to contribute improvements to this document, please open a GitHub issue or pull-request on nokogiri.org/installing_nokogiri.md.

Installing Native Gems¶

Faster, more reliable installation¶

"Native gems" contain pre-compiled libraries for a specific machine architecture. On supported platforms, this removes the need for compiling the C extension and the packaged libraries, or to install system dependencies. This results in much faster installation and more reliable installation, which as you probably know have historically been challenging topics for Nokogiri users.

Supported Platforms¶

Nokogiri ships pre-compiled, "native" gems for the following platforms:

• Linux x86-linux and x86_64-linux (req: glibc >= 2.17) including musl/Alpine
• Linux aarch64-linux (req: glibc >= 2.29) including musl/Alpine
• MacOS x86_64-darwin and arm64-darwin
• Windows x86-mingw32, x64-mingw32, and x64-mingw-ucrt
• Java platforms running JRuby 9.3 or higher

To determine whether your system supports one of these gems, look at the output of bundle platform or ruby -e 'puts Gem::Platform.local.to_s'.

If you're on a supported platform, either gem install or bundle install should install a native gem without any additional action on your part. This installation should only take a few seconds, and your output should look something like:

                            $ gem install nokogiri Fetching nokogiri-1.11.0-x86_64-linux.gem Successfully installed nokogiri-1.11.0-x86_64-linux 1 gem installed                          

If you're using Bundler >= 2.2, check that your lockfile knows about your platform(s). For example, if you develop on macOS and deploy to Linux you will need to run these commands in your development environment:

                            bundle lock --add-platform x86_64-linux bundle install                # resolve dependencies for platform-specific gems                          

See man bundle-lock for details.

Why would I not want to use a native gem?¶

I can imagine some folks might have trust issues; if this is you, please let us know in a comment at RFC: Increase the level of trust in released gem files · Issue #2013 · sparklemotion/nokogiri. What can we do to increase that trust? (I can imagine providing a chain of custody including public build logs with cryptographic hashes of artifacts, but I'd like to hear from real users.)

Anybody on a linux system with an unsupported version of glibc (see Supported Platforms) will need to install from the ruby platform gem.

If you're on Termux, you will need to install from the ruby platform gem (see https://wiki.termux.com/wiki/Differences_from_Linux for background).

If you have other reasons for not wanting to use a precompiled native gem, let us know! (See Getting Help.)

How can I avoid using a precompiled native gem?¶

The Nokogiri maintainers strongly urge you to use a native gem if at all possible. We expect it will be a much better experience for you and allow us to focus our efforts on improving functionality rather than diagnosing installation issues.

If you're on a platform that supports a native gem but you want to avoid using it in your project, do one of the following:

• With Bundler >= 2.3.18, then update your Gemfile with gem "nokogiri", force_ruby_platform: true
• Else with Bundler>= 2.1, then run bundle config set force_ruby_platform true,
• Else with Bundler < 2.1, then run bundle config force_ruby_platform true
• If you're not using Bundler, then run gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby.

Installing the ruby platform gem¶

Again, we recommend that you upgrade to v1.11 or later and use a native gem whenever possible. If you're here, it should be because you're on an older version, or you're on an unsupported platform.

Before you begin, make sure you have the full compiler toolchain for compiling Ruby C Extensions. See Appendix A: The Compiler Toolchain.

Installing Using The Packaged Libraries¶

Nokogiri packages its own updated and patched copies of libxml2 and libxslt source code. By default, installation of Nokogiri will compile and use these packaged libraries.

If you don't see your operating system / distro in this section, then no additional setup is required beyond Appendix A: The Compiler Toolchain. Just run gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby.

Ubuntu or Debian-based Distros¶

                            sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev liblzma-dev patch gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby                          

You may substitute git for patch (mini_portile2 can use either for applying patches).

Fedora, Red Hat, and CentOS¶

                            dnf install -y zlib-devel gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby                          

OpenBSD < 6.2¶

Use gcc from ports in order to compile the packaged libraries:

                            pkg_add -v gcc gem install nokogiri                          

OpenBSD 7¶

                            pkg_add libiconv gtar                alias                tar                =gtar gem install nokogiri                          

Termux¶

If you're using Bundler >= 2.3.18:

                                            # Gemfile                gem                "nokogiri"                ,                force_ruby_platform                :                true                          

else if you're using a version of Bundler >= 2.1:

                            pkg install ruby clang make binutils bundle config                set                force_ruby_platform                true                bundle install                          

else if you're using a version of Bundler < 2.1:

                            pkg install ruby clang make binutils bundle config force_ruby_platform                true                bundle install                          

else if you're not using Bundler:

                            pkg install ruby clang make binutils gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby                          

Installing Using Standard System Libraries¶

Rather than use Nokogiri's packaged versions, you may prefer to use your system's or distro's standard libxml2/libxslt libraries. This section will try to help you do that.

Nokogiri will refuse to build against older, unsupported versions of libxml2 and libxslt, and there may be some behavioral changes when using older versions. If you have installed libxml2 or libxslt to a custom location, please jump to the next section, Installing With Custom / Non-Standard Libraries.

If you don't see your operating system or distro listed below, then no additional setup is required beyond Appendix A: The Compiler Toolchain. Just run gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby -- --use-system-libraries. Or, if you're using bundler, bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries.

Debian/Ubuntu¶

                            sudo apt-get install pkg-config libxml2-dev libxslt-dev gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby -- --use-system-libraries                          

MacOS¶

If you're using homebrew:

                            brew install libxml2 libxslt gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby -- --use-system-libraries                          

If you're using macports and would like to contribute documentation, please open a GitHub issue or pull-request on nokogiri.org/installing_nokogiri.md.

FreeBSD¶

                            sudo pkg install pkgconf gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries                          

OpenBSD¶

                            pkg_add libxslt gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries                          

Windows¶

We recommend installing Nokogiri against the MSYS2 system libraries:

                            ridk                exec                pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-libxslt gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby -- --use-system-libraries                          

Termux¶

                            pkg install ruby clang make binutils pkg install pkg-config libxslt binutils                # additional dependencies                gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby -- --use-system-libraries                          

Installing With Custom / Non-Standard Libraries¶

You may have your own custom version of libxml2/libxslt that you'd like to use. OK! Here we go.

Ideally you can install pkg-config and the installed libraries should self-describe how to compile and build against themselves.

But if:

• you've got libxml2 and/or libxslt installed in a nonstandard place,
• and you don't have pkg-config installed

... then you can use command-line parameters to the gem install command to specify build parameters.

You can specify the installation root directory:

                            gem install nokogiri --                \                --use-system-libraries                \                --with-xml2-dir=/path/to/dir                \                --with-xslt-dir=/path/to/dir                          

or, you can specify include and library directories separately:

                            gem install nokogiri --                \                --use-system-libraries                \                --with-xml2-lib=/path/to/builds/lib                \                --with-xml2-include=/path/to/builds/include/libxml2                \                --with-xslt-lib=/path/to/builds/lib                \                --with-xslt-include=/path/to/builds/include                          

Note: By default, libxslt header files are installed into the root include directory, but libxml2 header files are installed into a subdirectory thereof named libxml2.

It's likely that you'll also need to specify the location of your zlib and iconv (and possibly exslt) install directories as well. In that case, you can add the options:

                            gem install nokogiri --                \                --use-system-libraries                \                # ...                --with-iconv-dir=/path/to/dir                \                --with-zlib-dir=/path/to/dir                \                [--with-exslt-dir=/path/to/dir]                [--with-exslt-config=/path/to/exslt-config]                          

You can also tell bundler to remember these configuration parameters:

                            bundle config build.nokogiri                \                --use-system-libraries                \                --with-xml2-lib=/usr/local/lib                \                --with-xml2-include=/usr/local/include/libxml2/libxml                \                --with-xslt-lib=/usr/local/lib                \                --with-xslt-include=/usr/local/include/libxslt                \                --with-iconv-lib=/usr/local/lib                \                --with-iconv-include=/usr/local/include                          

Do not attempt Bundler installation using Bundler versions before v1.8.3 (see bundler/bundler#3053 for details). If you really must, see earlier git history of this file, which includes a workaround.

Installing Third-Party Distributions of Nokogiri¶

Debian¶

See https://packages.debian.org/sid/ruby-nokogiri

                            sudo apt-get install ruby-nokogiri                          

openSUSE/SLE¶

See https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/languages:/ruby:/extensions/

Fedora, Red Hat, and CentOS¶

You may install the appropriate epel-release and get the Nokogiri package from EPEL using:

                            sudo dnf install -y rubygem-nokogiri                          

GNU Guix¶

Install on any Linux distribution using GNU Guix, a reproducible binary software package management and distribution system.

Use this command:

                            guix package -i ruby-nokogiri                          

Note: source code is available here. A short description of how Nokogiri was packaged can be found here.

Other Installation Scenarios¶

Alpine Docker Images¶

To just install the native gem:

                                            FROM                                                ruby:3.0-alpine                RUN                                gem install nokogiri                          

To compile with the packaged libraries:

                                            FROM                                                ruby:3.0-alpine                RUN                                apk add --no-cache build-base                RUN                                gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby                          

To compile against Alpine's own XML libraries, add the necessary development tools and libraries to the image.

                                            FROM                                                ruby:3.0-alpine                RUN                                apk add --no-cache build-base libxml2-dev libxslt-dev                RUN                                gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby -- --use-system-libraries                          

When optimizing the size of an Alpine image, the runtime libraries must be permanently added. Additionally, adding and removing development tooling can be chained with gem installation to ensure a small layer.

                                            FROM                                                ruby:3.0-alpine                RUN                                apk add --no-cache libxml2 libxslt                &&                \                apk add --no-cache --virtual .gem-installdeps build-base libxml2-dev libxslt-dev                &&                \                gem install nokogiri --platform=ruby -- --use-system-libraries                &&                \                rm -rf                $GEM_HOME/cache                &&                \                apk del .gem-installdeps                          

This approach nets an 12.1 MB layer (versus 18.1 MB without --use-system-libraries) and saves over 170 MB in build tools.

SmartOS (Nonstandard)¶

SmartOS installation requires building and using libxml2/libxslt/libiconv in a nonstandard location. Building on the previous section, here's how to do it:

(Note: pkgsrc is included in JPC SmartOS instances)

                            pkgin install ruby gcc49 libxml2 libxslt zlib libiconv ruby22-rake gmake ln -s /opt/local/gcc49/bin/gcc /opt/local/bin/gcc  gem install nokogiri --                \                --use-system-libraries                \                --with-xml2-lib=/opt/local/lib                \                --with-xml2-include=/opt/local/include/libxml2                \                --with-xslt-lib=/opt/local/lib                \                --with-xslt-include=/opt/local/include/libxslt                \                --with-iconv-lib=/opt/local/lib                \                --with-iconv-include=/opt/local/include                \                --with-zlib-dir=/opt/local/lib                          

See the previous section for guidance on how to instruct Bundler to use these options.

Troubleshooting¶

cannot load such file -- nokogiri/nokogiri (LoadError)¶

Particularly when upgrading to a newer version of Ruby, this error appears at runtime.

Symptoms¶

Installation succeeds, but then at runtime this error message is seen:

                            kernel_require.rb:23:in `require': cannot load such file -- nokogiri/nokogiri (LoadError)                          

Solution¶

Uninstall all versions of Nokogiri on your system, and then re-resolve your dependencies (using bundle or gem install).

This error can occur when a version of Nokogiri installed for a different version of Ruby is used by an unsupported version of Ruby. For example, if Nokogiri v1.12.5-x86_64-linux installed by Ruby 3.0 is then used by Ruby 3.1, you'll see this error (note that nokogiri v1.12.5 native gems do not support Ruby 3.1).

Using vendor/cache to deploy to another architecture¶

A common workflow is for a team to develop on a Mac but deploy to production on Linux. This workflow depends on Bundler caching an appropriate gem file in vendor/cache. Unfortunately, in this situation Bundler's default behavior is to cache only gems for the development system and not the production system, leading to an error at deploy time.

Symptoms¶

During deployment, the buildpack may fail to find a relevant gem in vendor/cache and emit an error like this (from Heroku):

                            -----> Ruby app detected -----> Installing bundler 2.1.4 -----> Removing BUNDLED WITH version in the Gemfile.lock -----> Compiling Ruby/Rails -----> Using Ruby version: ruby-2.7.2 -----> Installing dependencies using bundler 2.1.4        Running: BUNDLE_WITHOUT='development:test' BUNDLE_PATH=vendor/bundle BUNDLE_BIN=vendor/bundle/bin BUNDLE_DEPLOYMENT=1 bundle install -j4                                  Some gems seem to be missing from your vendor/cache directory.                                                  Could not find nokogiri-1.11.0 in any of the sources                                                  Bundler Output: Some gems seem to be missing from your vendor/cache directory.                                                  Could not find nokogiri-1.11.0 in any of the sources                                !  !     Failed to install gems via Bundler.  !  !     Push rejected, failed to compile Ruby app.  !     Push failed                          

Solution¶

Bundler 2.2 and later has great multiplatform support and allows you to cache gems for multiple platforms. You can run commands like these to cause Bundler to fetch and cache gems for all the named platforms:

                            bundle lock --add-platform x86_64-darwin bundle lock --add-platform x86_64-linux bundle package --all-platforms                          

For more information, please read this wonderful blog post written by Kevin Murphy explaining this approach.

Fallback Solution¶

If you can't upgrade to Bundler >= 2.2, you can force older versions to always use the ruby platform, which supports all platforms, but applies to all gems and comes with the installation challenges mentioned earlier in this guide.

Here's how to do this with Bundler >= 2.1:

                            rm -rf vendor/cache bundle config                set                force_ruby_platform                true                bundle install                          

Or if you're using Bundler < 2.1:

                            rm -rf vendor/cache bundle config force_ruby_platform                true                bundle install                          

tar and xz files¶

Starting in v1.13.2, the source archive used for libxml2 and libxslt is compressed with xz (previous versions were compressed with gzip. As a result, when compiling from source, your system will need to have xz installed in order to extract the source code for these libraries.

Symptoms¶

During installation, you may see error output similar to:

                            Extracting libxml2-2.9.13.tar.xz into tmp/armv7l-unknown-linux-gnueabihf/ports/libxml2/2.9.13... ERROR, review '/usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/nokogiri-1.13.3/ext/nokogiri/tmp/armv7l-unknown-linux-gnueabihf/ports/libxml2/2.9.13/extract.log' to see what happened. Last lines are: ========================================================================                tar (child): xz: Cannot exec: No such file or directory                tar (child): Error is not recoverable: exiting now /bin/tar: Child returned status 2 /bin/tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now ======================================================================== *** extconf.rb failed ***                          

or

                            Extracting libxml2-2.9.14.tar.xz into tmp/x86_64-unknown-openbsd7.1/ports/libxml2/2.9.14... ERROR, review '/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/3.0/gems/nokogiri-1.13.6/ext/nokogiri/tmp/x86_64-unknown-openbsd7.1/ports/libxml2/2.9.14/extract.log' to see what happened. Last lines are: ========================================================================                tar: unknown option J                usage: tar {crtux}[014578befHhjLmNOoPpqsvwXZz]            [blocking-factor | archive | replstr] [-C directory] [-I file]            [file ...]        tar {-crtux} [-014578eHhjLmNOoPpqvwXZz] [-b blocking-factor]            [-C directory] [-f archive] [-I file] [-s replstr] [file ...] ======================================================================== *** extconf.rb failed ***                          

Solution¶

On Debian/Ubuntu:

                            sudo apt-get install xz-utils                          

On Alpine:

On OpenBSD:

                            pkg_add gtar                alias                tar                =gtar                          

If you have this problem on another system, please open an issue and give us some details so we can update this page.

[Linux musl] "Error loading shared library"¶

Musl-based systems like Alpine may not have a glibc-compatible library installed, leading to problems running the precompiled native gems.

Symptoms¶

Installation succeeds, but then at runtime you'll see an error like this:

                            Error loading shared library ld-linux-x86-64.so.2: No such file or directory                          

or like this if you're on ARM64:

                            Error loading shared library ld-linux-aarch64.so.1: No such file or directory                          

Solution¶

Install the glibc compatibility layer:

See https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Running_glibc_programs for more details.

Cannot install racc¶

As of v1.11.0, Nokogiri is declaring an explicit dependency on racc ~> 1.4, which itself is a C extension that users may have trouble installing.

Symptoms¶

You may see an error message like this:

                                            Fetching racc 1.5.2                                Installing racc 1.5.2 with native extensions                Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.  current directory: /Users/myuser2/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/gems/racc-1.5.2/ext/racc/cparse /opt/local/bin/ruby2.7 -I /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0 -r ./siteconf20210104-30183-axgzet.rb extconf.rb checking for rb_ary_subseq()... *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may need configuration options.  Provided configuration options:        --with-opt-dir        --with-opt-include        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include        --with-opt-lib        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib        --with-make-prog        --without-make-prog        --srcdir=.        --curdir        --ruby=/opt/local/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)2.7                /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:471:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)                                You have to install development tools first.                                from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:564:in `try_link0'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:582:in `try_link'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:794:in `try_func'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:1083:in `block in have_func'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:971:in `block in checking_for'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:361:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:361:in `block in postpone'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:357:in `postpone'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:970:in `checking_for'        from /opt/local/lib/ruby2.7/2.7.0/mkmf.rb:1082:in `have_func'        from extconf.rb:6:in `<main>'  To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:  /Users/myuser2/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/extensions/arm64-darwin-20/2.7.0/racc-1.5.2/mkmf.log  extconf failed, exit code 1                          

Solution 1 - Compiler toolchain¶

Racc needs the same compiler toolchain to be present as any Gem with a C extension. See Appendix A: The Compiler Toolchain.

Solution 2 - Avoid installing Racc¶

Ruby 3.0 comes with Racc 1.5.x as a "builtin gem", so you could update to Ruby 3!

Ruby 2.7 comes with Racc 1.4.x as a "builtin gem", so you could use that version instead of trying to upgrade. Update to Ruby 2.7 and add a line like gem "racc", "~> 1.4.0" to prevent Bundler from trying to upgrade.

[Linux] /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgmp¶

If you're compiling the ruby platform gem, and if you've installed Ruby using RVM, you may require libgmp.

Symptoms¶

Gem installation fails with an error message like:

                            /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.3/lib/ruby/2.2.0/mkmf.rb:456:in                `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file.                (RuntimeError)                You have to install development tools first.                          

And examination of your mkmf.log file shows:

                            /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgmp                          

Solution¶

Run sudo apt-get install libgmp-dev.

[MacOS] xcode-select errors with a 'network problem'¶

If you're compiling the ruby platform gem ...

Symptoms¶

You see this dialog when you run the commands to update xcode commandline tools:

Solution¶

Run this command to turn off forced-authentication with Apple Software Update:

                            sudo defaults delete /Library/Preferences/com.apple.SoftwareUpdate CatalogURL                          

[MacOS] error: use of undeclared identifier 'LZMA_OK'¶

If you're compiling the ruby platform gem ...

Symptoms¶

An error during Nokogiri installation mentions an undeclared identifier LZMA_OK:

                            xmlIO.c:1450:52: error: use of undeclared identifier 'LZMA_OK'     ret =  (__libxml2_xzclose((xzFile) context) == LZMA_OK ) ? 0 : -1;                                                    ^ 1 error generated.                          

Diagnosis¶

When using Homebrew, there are several libraries that use a formula called xz (including the_silver_searcher and imagemagick), which by default install a version of liblzma that is incompatible with most Ruby builds. (Homebrew installs only the 64-bit version of the library, but most Ruby builds are universal.) This can be fixed in a couple of ways:

Solution 1¶

The most reliable solution appears to be temporarily unlinking xz and relinking it during an install of nokogiri:

                            brew unlink xz gem install nokogiri                # or bundle install                brew link xz                          

Solution 2¶

The other solution is to use a Homebrew-installed libxml2, as suggested in Installing Using Standard System Libraries.

                            brew install libxml2 gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries                \                --with-xml2-include=                $(brew --prefix libxml2)/include/libxml2                          

or if you're using Bundler:

                            bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries                \                --with-xml2-include=                $(brew --prefix libxml2)/include/libxml2 bundle install                          

When working with this, be certain to use $(brew --prefix libxml2) because it will use the correct location for your Homebrew install.

[MacOS] libiconv is missing¶

Xcode 10 on macOS Mojave moves the system headers out of /usr/include and so Nokogiri will fail to build when you're compiling the ruby platform gem.

Symptoms¶

You'll see an error similar to this:

                            Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.                libiconv is missing.  please visit http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html for help with installing dependencies.                                *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers.                          

Solution¶

A temporary workaround to allow previous releases of Nokogiri to build is to install the extra headers package mentioned in the Xcode 10 release notes:

                            open /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg                          

You can also install the headers package from the command line (e.g. for a build script or a CI server):

                            sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /                          

[MacOS] General MacOS Tips¶

If you're seeing other problems:

• Make sure ruby is compiled with the latest clang compiler.
• Binary gems and ruby should be compiled with the same compiler/environment.
• If you have multiple versions of Xcode installed, make sure you use the right xcode-select.
• Try Installing Using Standard System Libraries.

A good way to tell if you've got your basic Ruby C extension compiler toolchain installed correctly is to try installing the bcrypt gem which has a smaller, self-contained C extension. If you can gem install bcrypt, you're all set!

Reminder: if you're installing a native gem, you don't need to do this.

Ubuntu or Debian-based Distros¶

                            sudo apt-get install build-essential ruby-dev                          

Fedora, Red Hat, and CentOS¶

                            dnf install -y make gcc rpm-build ruby-devel                          

Alpine¶

Termux¶

                            pkg install clang make binutils                          

Windows¶

Please visit RubyInstaller and make sure you install a version "With Devkit".

MacOS¶

First, make sure you have the latest version of RubyGems and xcode commandline tools:

                            gem update --system xcode-select --install                # Then agree to the terms, even if you have done this before!                          

Agree to the Xcode license:

---

joneshingive.blogspot.com

Source: https://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html

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